FIFTY THOUSAND REASONS | PART 23 Neville Brody |
They Made Magic These pen portraits build up into a gallery of special people. These people have made unique contributions to popular culture. Some of the stories will be fairly familiar, and some may seem slightly strange. There are some glaring omissions, and some odd inclusions. A thread of narrative runs through, and it’s all as subjective as hell. |
Maybe more than anyone
Neville Brody shaped the way the ‘80s looked. It does depend which way
you look at the ‘80s though. As visionary designer and typographic experimentalist,
his fingerprints were all over many of the decade’s best ideas and looks.
He was responsible for a series of significant and distinctive looking
record covers and books. He changed the way magazines looked. His designs
still look great. We could argue until the cows come home about what punk may have changed, but certainly the way records looked changed because of punk. And Neville Brody followed on from punk-emboldened designers like Jamie Reid, Malcolm Garrett, Linder, Peter Saville, and Rocking Russian. He designed memorable sleeves for important records like Defunkt’s 'Razor’s Edge' and The Return of the Giant Slits, but he is most closely aligned with the great underground label Fetish, run by Rod Pierce. Fetish, which was active in the early ‘80s, is the closest the UK came to the exoticism and adventuresomeness of Ze. It had its roots in Throbbing Gristle/William Burroughs experimentalism, and released records by TG disciples 23 Skidoo, Clock DVA, as well as New York No Wave associated acts like the Bush Tetras and Lydia Lunch’s 8 Eyed Spy, and the straighter pop of the Bongos. Fetish and its acts granted Brody the creative space and freedom to produce some bold and beautiful sleeves for what were bold and beautiful records. Brody says: “My work for Fetish came out of a gut reaction to its music, and the situation it was being published in. I wanted to force the record buyer into a state of consideration a gut reaction to my gut reaction. We never wanted to present things on a plate but the dominant themes of my design were to open gateways that had been shut through fear, and to point to the loss of human identity and dignity within our immediate environment.” It’s hard to imagine any label now allowing a designer such a free hand. The group Brody was closest to was 23 Skidoo, who along with A Certain Ratio and Cabaret Voltaire (another group Brody worked closely with) fused Throbbing Gristle influenced warped pop with pan-rhythmic rumbles and rambles across the world’s dancefloors. Each group would share degrees of obsession with Burroughs, Gysin, funk, dub, Kenneth Anger and martial arts movies, as the Cabs’ Stephen Mallinder put it. Soul assassins 23 Skidoo would record a series of pioneering and perverse classics, veering from rousing fractured funk to apocalyptic tribal cathartic capers. Along the way they would lose and gain members, most intriguingly adding Sketch from pop-funk outfit Linx on bass, who would remain with Fritz Caitlin, Alex and Johnny Turnbull, as the stable 23 Skidoo core for many years, laying the foundations of UK hip hop with their Ronin label. |
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Towards the end of the ‘80s
quite rightly Brody would say: “From 1976 to 1982, say, record covers
would influence the way people think. Today, they influence the way people
dress.” Some of the books Brody was involved in would also influence
the way people think. Most specifically he made something very striking
out of Up-Tight,
the Velvet Underground Story by Victor Bockris and Gerard Malanga. The stark
black and white photographs and the clever use of space set the book apart from
other music books, and continued a rewriting of the Velvets’ myth that Postcard
Records had started, reclaiming the group from dark rock rigidity and suggesting
new possibilities. Brody’s design for Jon Savage’s official biography of the
Kinks would similarly elevate the group’s standing, and add a certain classicism
and stature to the beat roots. Most interestingly Brody was invited to design
covers for a reprint of Colin Macinnes’ London novels because the art director
at Penguin had been taken with the sleeves for the 8 Eyed Spy records on Fetish,
which had been inspired by cheap pulp detective
French film posters. Brody’s lasting success was undoubtedly in designing The Face, which he did for much of the ‘80s. The way he made the magazine look turned things upside down. Now The Face is long gone. In its place is a panoply of pop/style/leisure/culture/arts supplements. But once there was pretty much nothing. And at the start The Face was a great pop magazine, that challenged lots of preconceptions of how a magazine should look, and which happened to contain some great journalism. I’m thinking of Julie Burchill and Robert Elms at their most entertaining. I’m remembering Jon Savage on Punk Five Years On, The Age of Plunder, and The Teds. I’m pondering on Paul Morley moonlighting, writing about Cabaret Voltaire, circa Red Mecca, like they were teen pop idols. I’m picturing some of the great photos The Face ran, of pop figures like Kim Wilde, Annabella Lwin, Cristina. That was my Face, for a while at least. The Face as a magazine constantly evolved during the ‘80s, becoming in many people’s eyes synonymous with consumer-capitalism, which to some equated to Thatcherism and entrepeneurship, the rise of style over substance, the new media and marketing meritocracy. Brody seems to have become increasingly unnerved at the way his innovation was lifted and twisted. He is quoted as saying: “There were times when I felt my work had been ripped off so much that I didn’t want to make any new statement on the page whatsoever”. It’s an awkward fascination with and horror at the prevailing frenzied consumer consciousness that is shared by the great pop writer Michael Bracewell in early books like Missing Margate and The Crypto-Amnesia Club. |
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Brody suggests that The Face should have
been challenged more, and cites
Dick Hebdige’s Squaring
Up To The Face essay as one of the worthy critiques of the magazine. Hebdige
was one of the cultural commentators I liked to call the Barthes boys due to
their predeliction for quoting pop academics at any possible opportunity. His
position on The
Face is a little more ambiguous than some would have us believe. He argues
the magazine follows directly in Jean-Luc Godard’s footsteps, and that “The
Face is a magazine which goes out of its way every month to blur the line
between politics and parody and pastiche; the street, the stage, the screen;
between purity and danger; the mainstream and the ‘margins’; to flatten out the
world.”
Hebdige himself started out in 1974 with an argumentative and groundbreaking paper for the University of Birmingham on The Style of The Mods, where he concludes: “Like the surrealists the mods underestimated the ability of the dominant culture to absorb the subversive image and substance of the anarchic imagination”. From celebrating mod being “pure unadulterated STYLE, the essence of style” in 1974 Hebdige just over a decade further on would find himself needing to disassociate from “the overall fetishisation of style”. He acknowledges the importance though of reserving the right to change our minds and alter our positions. One position that hasn’t changed, whatever our take on the 1980s, is the importance and impact and sheer beauty of Neville Brody’s work. It’s all still there in the glorious book The Graphic Language of Neville Brody. © 2006 John Carney |